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Ntau lawm txoj kev sodium hydroxide:
Sodium hydroxide tsuas yog tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj electrolytic sodium chloride tov electrolysis (saib chlor-alkali ntau lawm txheej txheem). Nws kuj tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm kev hnov mob cov kua txiv qaub nrog cov dej qab zib tshauv (Na2CO3) kua aqueous los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg (cov qauv causticizing). Tus qauv tshuaj sodium ntawm hydroxide yog NaOH, feem ntau hu ua caustic sis dej qab zib, caustic sis dej qab zib, thiab dej qab zib caustic. Nws yog lub zog alkali nrog muaj zog corrosivity. Feem ntau nws yog hom plaub ya ri lossis hauv pob. Cov kua tshuaj Alkaline tseem ua tau deliquescent. Nws yog qhov yooj yim kom nqus tau cov dej nqus cov pa (deliquescent) thiab carbon dioxide (ua kom tsis zoo) hauv huab cua. Hydrochloric acid tuaj yeem muab ntxiv los kuaj xyuas kev puas tsuaj. Cov dej phwj tuaj kho yog siv dav ua cov nruab nrab hauv kev lim dej alkaline. Lawv tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam chemical los tsim cov tshuaj ntsev ntau ntxiv, cov xab npum, ntawv, paj rwb, lo lo ntxhuav, viscose fiber, cov khoom siv roj hmab, ntxuav hlau, thiab electroplating. , Txau, thiab lwm yam Protopine muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tau zoo heev thiab muaj qhov tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb ntawm protopine.
Lub caustic sis dej qab zib uas ua los ntawm cov qauv hauv tshuaj muaj qhov tsis huv thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tsis zoo. Tam sim no, nws tsuas yog tsim tawm hauv qee lub tebchaws me me. Pycnogenine yog sodium hydroxide, lub ntsej muag dawb translucent flake. Nws yog cov khoom siv yooj yim tshuaj lom neeg. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam lub teeb textile xws li papermaking, tshuaj ntxuav hluavtaws thiab soaps, viscose fibers, rayon thiab paj rwb, tshuaj tua kab, dyes, Hauv cov roj hmab thiab tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, roj av drilling, kev lag luam roj av ua kom zoo dua cov roj av thiab cov tars, thiab raws li kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam, tshuab kev lag luam, kev txua ntoo, kev lag luam metallurgical, kev lag luam kws tshuaj thiab kev tsim kho hauv nroog. Lub ntsiab lus 50% lossis 73% sodium hydroxide uas ua los ntawm ntau txoj kev yog ncaj qha rhaub hauv zaj duab xis poob nrog cov khoom cua kub txog 450 ° C, thiab koom nrog kev txo cov kab mob xws li sucrose tshem chlorate impurities thiab tuaj yeem mloog ntxiv. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua kom sov los ntawm hluav taws kub ncaj qha hauv cov xaim (nick) uas muaj (Ni) cam khwb cia cov lauj kaub hlau, thiab ua rau evaporated thiab muaj zog ua kom molten anhydrous sodium hydroxide. Thaum siv lub lauj kaub hlau nrum kom rhaub alkali, koom nrog me me ntawm ammonia nitrogen (Nitric acid) sodium rau oxidize impurities, thiab ntxiv cov tsim nyog sulfur toning. Lub molten sodium hydroxide tuaj yeem ncaj qha koom nrog cov hlau sib txuas kom ua kom nkag tau rau hauv tag nrho cov khoom alkali, lossis nws tuaj yeem ua plaub ya ri lossis hlaws thiab granular khoom alkali los ntawm lub tshuab ntsiav tshuaj lossis gran ntauwd. Muaj ob yam khoom, khoom thiab ua kua, xa mus rau cov khoom lag luam alkali thiab kua alkali. Cov tom kawg muaj cov qauv ntawm 73%, 50%, 45%, 42% thiab 30%. Vim muaj ntau cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab cov ntawv thov sib txawv, cov khoom lag luam raug faib ua qib theem thiab qib rayon. Qib txheem tau muaj ntsev cov ntsiab lus siab. Lub 50% kua alkali ua los ntawm cov qauv sib cais muaj NaCl 1.0% ~ 1.1% rau kev siv dav dav. Qeb rayon muaj tsawg dua ntsev thiab lwm yam tsis txaus. Cov txheej txheem mercury 50% kua alkali muaj NaCl ntawm 50ppm. Hauv cov hauv qab no, qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov hluav taws xob rayon thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv ion pauv tau haum.