- Ib qho LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cog yog ib qho loj - nplai cryogenic ua txheej txheem tsim los hloov cov pa roj carbon monoxide rau hauv cov kua dej los ntawm kev ua kom txias rau li ntawm -162℃. Cov txheej txheem no txo cov roj ntim los ntawm ib ncig ntawm 600 zaug, ua kom muaj peev xwm khaws cia, kev thauj mus los ntev, thiab kev siv zog ruaj khov.
- LNG cog tsis yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm nkaus xwb tab sis muaj ntau- theem kev lag luam uas muaj cov roj pretreatment, acid gas tshem tawm, lub cev qhuav dej, mercury tshem tawm, liquefaction, fractionation, cia, thiab thauj khoom. Txhua ntu yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tsim los rau kev kub siab, tsis tshua muaj kub, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua hydrocarbon.
Gas Receiving thiab Pre-Separation System
Cov txheej txheem LNG pib nrog seem txais cov pa roj, qhov twg cov pa nkev nkag mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag los ntawm cov kav dej ntws los lossis cov chaw sib sau ua ke roj.
- Inlet slug catchers
- Gas - kua cais
- Inlet scrubbers
- Lim cais
- Siab regulating li qub
- Flow metering systems
Lub kaw lus no tshem tawm cov kua dej dawb, condensates, thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm cov dej ntws los. Slug catchers yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov kav xa dej -fed systems, qhov twg cov kua surges tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Gas ntws ruaj khov ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv cov dej kho mob hauv qab los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam hauv cov khoom siv rhiab heev.
Acid Gas Tshem Tawm Chav (AGRU)
Cov pa roj carbon monoxide feem ntau muaj cov pa roj carbon dioxide (CO₂) thiab hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom tsis txhob khov thiab xeb hauv cov xwm txheej cryogenic.
Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
- Absorber kab
- Regeneration (stripper) yees
- Rich / lean amine tshav kub exchangers
- Reboilers
- Flash nruas
- Amine ncig twj tso kua mis
- Solvent filtration systems
- Lub kaw lus feem ntau siv cov tshuaj amine xws li MDEA lossis DEA txhawm rau txhawm rau nqus cov kua qaub hauv cov kab nqus dej.
- Cov kuab tshuaj nplua nuj yog tom qab ntawd rov tsim dua tshiab hauv kab stripper siv cov cua sov, tso cov kua qaub rau kev pov tseg lossis kev kho mob ntxiv.
- Chav tsev no tseem ceeb heev rau kev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv cryogenic downstream los ntawm kev sib kis thiab tsim khoom.
Lub cev qhuav dej
Tom qab tshem tawm cov roj acid, cov ntsiab lus dej yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg kawg nkaus kom tsis txhob muaj dej khov thaum lub sij hawm liquefaction.
- Molecular sieve adsorption yees
- Regeneration gas heaters
- Hloov valve manifolds
- Cov cua txias
- Regeneration blowers
- Instrumentation thiab tswj li qub
Lub kaw lus feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv kev teeb tsa dual lossis triple ntauwd. Thaum ib tus pej thuam nyob rau hauv hom adsorption, lwm tus tau rov tsim dua tshiab.
Cov dej molecules tau daig hauv molecular sieve pores, ua kom lub cev qhuav dej sib sib zog nqus haum rau kev ua haujlwm cryogenic.
Mercury Removal Unit
Cov kab mercury hauv cov pa roj ntsha tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau aluminium cryogenic kub exchangers los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke.
- Activated carbon adsorption txaj
- Sulfur- cov hlab ntsha tsis muaj zog
- Kho - txaj reactors
- Cov cuab yeej ntsuas Mercury
Chav tsev no ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis tu ncua, tshem tawm cov mercury los ntawm adsorption ua ntej cov roj nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuab cryogenic.
Txawm tias cov qib kab raug tswj los tiv thaiv kev sib hloov hluav taws xob ncaj ncees thiab ntev - lub sij hawm cog kev ntseeg tau.
Hydrocarbon Dew Point Control thiab NGL Rov Qab
Ua ntej liquefaction, hnyav hydrocarbons xws li ethane, propane, thiab butane yuav tsum tau muab cais.
- Cryogenic separators
- Fractionation kab (deethanizer, depropanizer, debutanizer)
- Reboilers thiab condensers
- Reflux drums
- NGL cia tank
- Hloov cov twj tso kua mis
Ntu no kho cov hydrocarbon muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab txhim kho LNG cov nqi cua sov tswj.
Cov kua roj ntsha uas tau rov qab los (NGLs) tuaj yeem ua tiav cais lossis muag raws li cov khoom siv petrochemical.
Liquefaction System (Core Process Section)
Lub liquefaction seem yog lub hauv paus chav tsev ntawm LNG nroj tsuag, qhov twg cov nkev roj yog txias rau cryogenic kub.
Ob lub ntsiab liquefaction technologies yog siv:
- Mixed Refrigerant (MR) txheej txheem
- Cascade Txias Txheej Txheem
- Main cryogenic tshav kub exchangers (MCHE)
- Refrigerant compressors (ntau -theem centrifugal)
- Expansion li qub
- Joule-Thomson li qub
- Cold box assemblies
- Cov tub yees separators
- Kub integration exchangers
Gas yog maj mam txias los ntawm kev sib pauv cua sov kom txog thaum nws ncav cuag liquefaction point.
MCHE yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm txhuas phaj -fin cov qauv tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm zoo cryogenic.
Tub yees Compressor System
Lub tshuab tub yees muab lub zog txias uas xav tau rau LNG ntau lawm.
- Gas turbine tsav tsheb los yog hluav taws xob motors
- Multi-theem centrifugal compressors
- Intercoolers thiab aftercoolers
- Anti-surge tswj systems
- Foob gas systems
- Lubrication roj systems
- Gearbox sib dhos (hauv qee qhov kev teeb tsa)
Kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov compressor yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm LNG cov zis tas li.
Kev tiv thaiv -surge systems tiv thaiv compressors los ntawm ntws tsis ruaj khov thaum lub sij hawm thauj khoom hloov pauv.
LNG Cia Tank System
Liquefied natural gas yog khaws cia rau hauv lub tank cryogenic tsim los rau qhov kub thiab txias tsis tshua muaj siab thiab ntev - lub sij hawm ntim.
- Sab hauv cryogenic steel tank (9% nickel steel lossis aluminium alloy)
- Sab nrauv pob zeb lossis carbon steel ntim cov qauv
- Rwb thaiv tsev txheej (perlite, ua npuas ncauj iav, los yog multilayer rwb thaiv tsev)
- Suspended lawj system
- Boil -tawm roj (BOG) system sau
- Siab nyem li qub
Cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsim los txo qis qhov cua sov thiab tswj LNG hauv cov kua hauv lub sijhawm ntev.
Boil -Off Gas (BOG) Handling System
Txawm tias muaj rwb thaiv tsev, LNG maj mam evaporates vim cua sov hloov.
- BOG compressors
- Recondenser units
- Roj roj rov qab systems
- Vapor rov qab pipelines
- Siab tswj li qub
BOG yog re-liquefied los yog siv los ua roj roj rau kev cog qoob loo, tswj lub tank siab stability.
LNG Chaw thau khoom thiab hloov chaw
LNG raug xa mus los ntawm lub tank cia rau thauj cov nkoj lossis cov tsheb thauj khoom.
- Cryogenic loading caj npab
- Submerged hloov twj tso kua mis
- LNG hloov pipelines
- Vapor rov kab
- Emergency release systems (ERS)
- Ceev disconnect couplers
Chaw thau khoom caj npab yog tsim los rau kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim thiab xau- hloov pauv dawb hauv kev ua haujlwm tas mus li.
Utility thiab Auxiliary Systems
LNG cov nroj tsuag xav tau ntau yam kev txhawb nqa rau kev ua haujlwm tas mus li.
- Instrument cua tsim system
- Nitrogen Generation Unit (PSA lossis membrane)
- Cov dej txias txias systems
- Kaw -loop glycol systems
- Hluav taws kub thiab ua npuas dej systems
- Flare system thiab vent stacks
- Kev kaw thaum muaj xwm ceev (ESD) system
Cov tshuab no ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv thiab kev tiv thaiv xwm txheej ceev.
Flare thiab Safety Relief System
Kev ruaj ntseg siab yog tswj los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem tso tawm.
- Flare stacks
- Khawb-tawm nruas
- Flare roj rov qab units
- Kev ruaj ntseg valve (PSV)
- Tshuab tshuab
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej txawv txav, cov pa roj ntau dhau raug nyab xeeb mus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau kev tswj kev sib txuas.
Automation thiab Tswj System
Niaj hnub nimno LNG cov nroj tsuag vam khom ntau rau cov tshuab automation rau kev tswj cov txheej txheem thiab kev sib koom tes kev nyab xeeb.
- Distributed Control System (DCS)
- Safety Instrumented System (SIS)
- Emergency Shutdown System (ESD)
- Gas detection systems
- Kub, siab, thiab ntws transmitters
- SCADA interfaces
Cov tshuab no tsis tu ncua saib xyuas cov nroj tsuag thiab tswj cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg thoob plaws txhua chav.
Pipeline thiab Cryogenic Transfer System
Cryogenic pipelines yog siv los hloov LNG thiab cov tub yees ntawm chav nyob.
- Lub tshuab nqus tsev-insulated piping systems
- Cryogenic li qub
- Expansion pob qij txha
- Txhawb cov qauv nrog thermal rho tawm
- Tsawg-kub rwb thaiv tsev tshuab
Cov kav dej no yog tsim los txo qis kev hloov pauv cua sov thiab tswj kom ruaj khov cryogenic nyob thoob plaws hauv cov nroj tsuag.
