1. Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb
2. Khoom siv txhim kho thiab kev txhim kho hluav taws xob kev txhim kho
4. Cov txheej txheem ntsuab thiab tswj tus nqi
5. Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Tswj Kev Txhim Kho
1. Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb
1.1. Kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm
Kev ua kom zoo ntawm roj-kua piv: txiav txim siab cov roj zoo-kua ntim cov khoom siv ntawm so₃ rau cov khoom siv organic raw (feem ntau 1: 8) los ntawm kev ua piv txwv kev ua kua zog (CFD) kev sim. Piv txwv li, hauv alkylbenzene sulfoned, kho cov roj-kua ratio los ntawm 96% rau 98.5%, thaum txo cov ntsiab lus tshiab ntawm 1.2%.
Seemmented Kub Tswj Tshuab: Teeb 3 Kub Tswj Zones Hauv Ntau-Riase Poob Zaj Dab Neeg Reactor:
Ntu pem hauv ntej (inlet): 60 ~ 80 degree, ua kom nrawm thaum pib ntsuas cov khoom siv;
Nruab nrab ntu (cheeb tsam tseem ceeb): 45 ~ 55 degree, sib npaug cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi thiab cov khoom lag luam;
Rov qab seem (qhov hluav taws xob): 35 ~ 40 degree, inhibit dhau-sulfonity tshaj-sulfonation thiab sulfone tiam.
Tom qab lub Hoobkas saws cov thev naus laus zis no, cov khoom lag luam sulfone poob los ntawm 1.1% rau}. 5%, thiab cov khoom siv khoom siv raw tau raug txo los ntawm 3%.
1.2. Catalyst thiab kev tswj hwm khoom
So₃ cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm zoo: oxygen-enriched cua (Oxygen cov ntsiab lus ntau dua li 99.5%, thaum txo tus nqi ntawm kev sib tw ua rau roj; V₂oes catalyst yog tsis tu ncua redenerated online (xws li nitrogen muaj 2% so₂ ntawm 450 degree rau kev ua haujlwm), txuas lub neej pabcuam rau ntau dua 18 lub hlis.
Cov khoom siv raw khoom: ultrasonic emulsification lossis microwave preheating yog siv rau high-viscosity raw zaub mov los ntawm 15%, thiab txhim kho kev sib xyaw ua ke.
2. Khoom siv txhim kho thiab kev txhim kho hluav taws xob kev txhim kho
2.1 Microchannel Refeor: Loj hloov pauv hloov los ntawm millimeter rau micrometer
Lub microthannel reassor tsim lub siab-throughu motecopic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov kab ke ntawm cov duab plaub ntug lossis cov voj voog channel 50 ~ 100μm. Nws cov ntsiab lus zoo dua yog qhov tshwj xeeb thaj tsam thaj tsam yog siab li 10 ~} Noj cov sulfonutical intermediates ua piv txwv, cov txheej txheem ib txwm ua rau kub nyob hauv lub zos (tshaj 100 degree) vim yooj yim rau kev ua kom cov khoom lwj. Lub microkas reassor stabilizes cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub ntawm 60 ~ 70 degree los ntawm axial gradient tswj (yuam kev<±1℃), avoiding the destruction of heat-sensitive groups (such as benzyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups), increasing the yield from 85% to 92%, and reducing the impurity content by 60%. In addition, the liquid holding capacity of the microchannel is only 1/100~1/50 of that of the traditional reactor, which greatly reduces the risk of reaction runaway. It is especially suitable for highly exothermic systems involving highly active SO₃, and has become the preferred equipment for the sulfonation of high-end fine chemicals.
2.2 Sab nraud ncig ntog zaj duab xis reactor: ib qho kev sib tawg rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob siab
For high-viscosity materials such as paraffin and polyether polyols (viscosity > 500 mPa・s), the traditional falling film reactor is prone to blockage of the flow channel and decreased mass transfer efficiency due to the low liquid flow rate (0.3~0.5m\/s), while the external circulation falling film reactor increases the liquid flow tus nqi nyob rau hauv lub raj rau 1.0 ~ 1.5m \/ s los ntawm kev ntxiv ib qho kev sib tw ntawm cov twj tso kua mis (lub taub hau 50 ~ 100 hli 50 ~ 100 teev rau 1.2 × 10⁻⁴. Kev noj cov yeeb yam ua piv txwv, cov cuab yeej siv lub luv luv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kua dej ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kua muag, uas nce cov paraater hloov siab los ntawm 88% mus rau 94%. Cov khoom siv tsim kev siv cov sib txawv ntawm cov kab yeeb nkab ntawm cov khoom siv ua kua, thiab cov khoom siv sib npaug lub cuab yeej.
2.3 Kev tshawb nrhiav tag nrho cov saw hluav taws xob muaj zog ntawm cov khib nyiab kub rov qab
Cov hoob khib nyiab pov tseg ntawm cov khib nyiab: kauj ruam-los-kauj ruam tus nqi-ntxiv hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm lub zog
Qhov kev tso tawm kub tshaj plaws los ntawm cov kev tawm tsam ntawm sulfation (txog 18 {{{} kj \/ mol), cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus tw pib siv hluav taws xob ua ntej (1 Rau txhua txhua lub tuj ntawm Alkylbenzene ua tiav, 1.2 tons ntawm chav tuaj yeem tsim, ntawm 70% yog siv los tsav lub zog cua (1%) thiab txhua xyoo, {16}} kWh). Cov khib nyiab kub los ntawm cov khoom cua txias nyob rau hauv nruab nrab kub ntu (80 ~ 120 degree) yog siv rau preheat cov ntaub ntawv raw los ntawm cov phaj kub hloov pauv. Piv txwv li, preheating alkylenzene los ntawm 25 degree mus rau 60 degree tuaj yeem txo cov cua sov siv hluav taws xob ntawm 35%; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov kub tshaj plaws yog siv rau cua sov cov cheeb tsam nyob, hloov cov rhaub-tua hluav taws. Chav Sulfation nrog ib xyoo tso zis ntau xyoo ntawm 100, {24}} hons txuag 2.1 lab yuan hauv chav nqi. Cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cov dej txias hauv ntu kub qis (30 ~ 50 daim ntawv qhia txog kev kub hnyiab
2.4 Thaum Tshav Kub Kub Twj Tshuab: Ua kom muaj kev sib sib zog nqus kub
Rau qhov ntau ntawm cov khib nyiab tsawg (3 {{ Lub tshuab cua sov siv ethylene ghlylene gluylene glycole glycolene glycolene glycole glycole glycolene glycolration kub, thiab tsa cov kev ntsuas kub (35 degree) los ntawm lub compressor. Lub zog hluav taws xob piv (cop) tuaj yeem ncav cuag tau 4.5, uas yog, 1kWh ntawm tshav kub, uas yog 78% lub zog-txuag piv rau cov hluav taws xob cua sov. Tom qab tau thov rau hauv lub Hoobkas surfactant, lub zog siv hluav taws xob ntawm cua sov 200 degree tau txo los ntawm 20 degree li 280 21}} Yuan hauv cov hluav taws xob cov nqi ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos ib xyoos. Ib qho ntxiv, lub tshuab cua sov yog nruab nrog cov tswv yim ntse loaduation module, uas dynamically hloov kho lub compressor zaus raws li kev thauj khoom. Thaum tsis tshua muaj thauj khoom, cov tub luam ntawv tseem tshaj li 4.0, tsis txhob muaj qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txo qis cov khib nyiab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm. Qhov thev naus laus zis no tsis tsuas yog txo cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog, tabsis txuag tau cov dej ntws los ntawm 15%), thiab tau dhau los ua tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm Green Sulfonation txheej txheem.
3.1. Kev Saib Xyuas Online thiab Tsis Siv Neeg Tswj
Kev tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm ntau yam: nruab ze-infrared spectrer, yog li ntawd cov ntaub ntawv pub dawb yog nce ntawm 92% mus rau 98%.
Ai twv ua ntej qauv: raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntau lawm, xws li cov kev ua kom sov siab dua (xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub) nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv raw thiab caij nyoog sib txawv. Tom qab daim ntawv thov los ntawm qee hom lag luam, qhov zaus hloov kho yog txo los ntawm 60%, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob rau ib qho khoom yog txo los ntawm 8%.
3.2. Kwv yees txij tu System
Kev co sensors thiab corrosion saib yog ntsia hauv qhov tseem ceeb xws li Poob Zaj Duab Zaj Duab Ci thiab Li Qub. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab kev kawm algorithms rau ceeb toom txog scaling lossis corrosion pheej hmoo 7 hnub ua ntej. Piv txwv li, lub Hoobkas tau txo qis qis qis ntawm 45 teev nyob rau 12 teev los ntawm cov kab ke no, thiab muaj peev xwm siv tau los ntawm 5%.
4. Cov txheej txheem ntsuab thiab tswj tus nqi
4.1. Khib nyiab cov pa roj ntsha thiab cov peev txheej
Membrane tseg cov khoom siv acid Kev nruab nrab txoj kev, thaum txo kev puas tsuaj khib nyiab pov tseg.
Tail Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob: Sulfonated Tail Roj (muaj so₂, aith + caclo₃ (Naoh + CYPSUM (NUATH +) Txhua txhua lub tuj ntawm tus Tsov tus Tsov Tsov tus tw tsim tuaj yeem tsim tau {2}}. 8 tons ntawm gypsum raws li cov khoom siv los ntawm 200 yuan.
4.2. Kev hloov pauv ntawm bio-raws li thiab cov roj carbon cov roj carbon
Siv cov roj av methyl ester (PME) los hloov cov roj av uas muaj kev txaus siab rau ntau tshaj li 95%, thiab tsim cov ntawv pov thawj raw rau ntau dua 95%, sib ntsib EU ECOLABEL cov ntawv pov thawj thiab nthuav dav kev lag luam siab.
5. Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Tswj Kev Txhim Kho
5.1. Kev Kawm Ua Haujlwm thiab Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem
Tsim kom muaj kev cob qhia kev cob qhia rau simulate cov txheej txheem tuav haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrawm nrawm), thiab ua kom lub sijhawm sib tsoo sai sai, thiab ua kom lub sijhawm sib tsoo sai sai, thiab ua kom lub sijhawm sib tsoo sai sai, thiab kev sib tsoo lub sijhawm sib tsoo thaum 30 feeb mus rau tsawg dua 10 feeb.
Ua raws "cov txheej txheem qhov rai" kev tswj hwm, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb (xws li so ± 2}}.
5.2. Kev muab cov saw hlau txuas kev ua haujlwm zoo
Kos npe rau kev pom zoo mus ntev nrog Sulfur cov neeg xa khoom siv cov chaw nres nkoj xa hluav taws xob hloov cov menyuam yaus kom txo cov nqi thauj mus los ntawm 20%; Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsim cov sulfur cia tso tsheb hlau luam (muaj peev xwm ntau dua los yog sib luag rau 10 hnub) nyob ze ntawm lub cuab yeej kom tsis txhob muaj kev lag luam muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Txhawb nqa lub "xoom cov khoom lag luam" qauv, txuas nrog cov khoom siv cov khoom siv hauv Isdias, txo cov khoom ua tiav rau cov khoom siv hauv internet, thiab nce peev hloov los ntawm 18%.
