Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) yog lub hauv paus muaj zog soluble. Soda (sodium carbonate) tiag tiag yog ntsev. Vim tias nws yog hydrolyzed hauv dej los ua cov tshuaj alkaline, thiab tom qab ntawd vim nws muaj qee yam khoom zoo sib xws nrog cov dej qab zib caustic, nws yog cov dej qab zib tocaustic, thiab hu ua" ob alkali" hauv kev lag luam. Caustic soda thiab soda tshauv yog soluble hauv dej thiab muaj zog alkaline, uas tuaj yeem muab Na{0}} ions. Cov khoom no ua rau lawv siv dav hauv xab npum ua, textile, luam ntawv thiab dyeing, bleaching, ntawv ua, refined roj av, metallurgy thiab lwm yam tshuaj industries. Feem ntau cov xab npum yog sodium ntsev ntawm cov roj fatty acids, uas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm saponification ntawm cov roj nrog me ntsis ntau tshaj caustic soda. Yog tias koj siv fatty acids li raw cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hmoov tshauv soda es tsis txhob siv cov dej qab zib los ua xab npum. Hauv kev luam ntawv thiab dyeing thiab textile kev lag luam, ntau lye yuav tsum tau siv los tshem tawm cov roj ntawm paj rwb thiab ntaub plaub. Kev tsim cov khoom siv fiber ntau kuj xav tau caustic soda lossis soda tshauv. Piv txwv li, viscose fiber yuav tsum tau siv thawj zaug hauv 18 ~ 20% caustic soda tov (los yog dej qab zib tov) kom impregnate cellulose thiab ua kom nws alkali cellulose. Tom qab ntawd cov alkali cellulose yog qhuav thiab crushed, thiab ces cov sulfonate yog yaj nyob rau hauv lub dilute alkaline tov, thiab viscose kua yog tau. Tom qab lim thiab nqus tsev, nws tuaj yeem siv rau spinning. Cov roj refined kuj yuav tsum tau siv nrog caustic soda. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov colloids hauv cov roj av feem, cov concentrated sulfuric acid hauv cov roj av feem ntau yog siv los tshem tawm cov colloids ntawm cov kua qaub seem. Tom qab pickling, cov roj kuj muaj cov kua qaub impurities xws li phenol thiab naphthenic acid, nrog rau ntau sulfuric acid. Nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog caustic soda tov thiab ces ntxuav kom tau refined roj av. Hauv kev lag luam ntawv, thawj txoj kev tshuaj lom neeg los daws cov khoom siv raw uas muaj cellulose (xws li ntoo) thiab cov tshuaj ua noj rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Alkaline pulping yog siv los tshem tawm lignin, carbohydrates thiab resins los ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, xws li lignin, carbohydrates thiab resins, los ntawm kev siv caustic soda los yog dej qab zib tov rau neutralize cov organic acids nyob rau hauv raw khoom, thiaj li hais tias cov cellulose yog sib cais. Hauv kev lag luam metallurgical, feem ntau nws yog qhov tsim nyog los hloov cov khoom zoo ntawm cov ore mus rau hauv cov ntsev sodium soluble kom tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv dej qab zib (nws kuj yog ib tug flux), thiab tej zaum kuj nrog caustic soda. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm txhuas, kev npaj ntawm cryolite thiab kev kho mob ntawm bauxite xav tau dej qab zib tshauv thiab caustic soda. Thaum cov tungsten yog smelted, nws tseem yog thawj zaug rau ci cov concentrate thiab dej qab zib rau hauv soluble sodium tungstate, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov kua qaub, lub cev qhuav dej, txo qis thiab lwm yam txheej txheem, cov hmoov zoo li tungsten yog tsim. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, caustic soda yog siv los ua sodium thiab electrolyzing dej. Kev tsim muaj ntau cov ntsev inorganic, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev npaj ntawm qee cov ntsev ntsev (xws li borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, thiab lwm yam), yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv caustic soda lossis soda tshauv. Synthetic dyes, tshuaj thiab organic intermediates yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv caustic soda los yog soda tshauv. Cov txheej txheem tsim cov dej qab zib caustic yog flaky caustic soda, uas yog lub npe hu ua sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide hu ua industrial alkali, caustic soda thiab caustic alkali hauv kev lag luam, thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua kua alkali, ntsiav tshuaj puag, khoom alkali thiab granular alkali raws li daim ntawv uas twb muaj lawm. Ntawm lawv, caustic soda, khoom hauv paus thiab granular alkali yog peb hom khoom sodium hydroxide. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia nram qab no, lub caustic soda caustic soda yog nyob rau hauv lem: 1. lye yog concentrated ntawm 32% mus rau 61%, thiab theem no yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub ntog zaj duab xis evaporator. Cov cua sov qhov chaw yog nruab nrab siab chav thiab ob chav thiab evaporates hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. 2.61% alkaline tov yog ces txo los ntawm cov ntog zaj duab xis thickener, thiab molten ntsev yog siv los ua lub tshav kub cab kuj. Cov tshuaj alkali yog condensed rau hauv molten alkali nyob rau hauv lub atmospheric siab, thiab tom qab ntawd lub flake solid base (lub legendary molten ntsev txoj kev) yog tsim los ntawm flake alkali tshuab. Lub ionic membrane caustic soda nrog ib pawg loj ntawm 32% yog concentrated rau 47% los ntawm thawj cov nyhuv evaporator (nqus, ob chav). Tom qab lub alkali twj tso kua mis thiab lub chav condensate ntawm lub thib ob nyhuv evaporator, lub caustic soda yog rhuab los ntawm lub chav condensate ntawm lub thib ob nyhuv evaporator. Qhov thib ob nyhuv evaporator yog ntxiv concentrated rau 61%, thiab lub alkali twj tso kua mis yog pumped mus rau hauv lub kawg concentrator los ntawm lub alkali twj tso kua mis, thiab yog rhuab mus rau 98% mus rau 99% los ntawm cov ntsev molten, thiab ces ua rau ib daim ntawm ib tug soda tshuab. . Khoom caustic soda. Lub 1 MPa saturated chav los ntawm lub tshuab fais fab nkag mus rau thawj cov nyhuv evaporator. Cov condensate thiab kuv cuam tshuam alkali hloov mus rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke. Raws li ib qho ntxiv ntawm cov dej mos, ob chav ua los ntawm cov nyhuv thib ob thiab ob chav ua los ntawm qhov kawg concentration yog nkag mus rau hauv thawj cov nyhuv evaporator raws li qhov cua sov, thiab 32% alkaline kua evaporates. Lub molten ntsev ntawm 415 ~ 430 C yog xa mus rau hauv lub molten ntsev rauv los ntawm lub molten ntsev twj tso kua mis thiab rhuab mus rau qhov kawg thickener tom qab cua sov. Raws li lub hauv paus ntawm cov cua sov, cov alkali evaporates mus rau 98% ~ 99%, thiab thaum kawg rov qab mus rau lub molten ntsev tank thiab rov ua dua. Lub molten ntsev rauv qhov system yog kaw lub voj voog cua sov. Lub molten ntsev yog rhuab los ntawm cua sov lub puab thiab sab hauv coils ntawm lub taub hau ignition saum lub cub tawg kom sov lub molten ntsev. Cov ntsev molten circulates nyob rau hauv lub system los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis, thiab decomposition thiab deterioration ntawm molten ntsev yog txo mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws raws li kev sib cais los ntawm sab nraud. Cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau thaum molten ntsev yog thawj zaug hauv kev tsim khoom. (1) Lub melting point ntawm molten ntsev yog hais txog 143 C. Tag nrho cov molten ntsev pipelines yuav tsum muaj chav tracing. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv hluav taws xob tracing tib lub sijhawm los tiv thaiv molten ntsev los ntawm solidifying nyob rau hauv pipelines. (2) Thaum lub sij hawm cua sov txheej txheem ntawm molten ntsev, lub tshav kub ntawm lub molten ntsev valve yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas. Thaum cov ntsev molten yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov system, nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab sau tseg hais tias lub me me ncig reflux valve tsis tuaj yeem raug kaw thiab yuav tsum tau tig rov qab los tiv thaiv kev tuag ntawm molten ntsev valve.
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